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    <p>The meeting was so-so - not great overall, but not as bad as I
      expected.</p>
    <p>On the positive side, the secretary was cordial, sympathetic,
      gave us a lot of time, and was aware of the gravity of the
      situation. I think that his heart at least is on our side. But it
      sounds like there is a lot of opposition to reopening of schools
      from various quarters, including certainly the health department,
      and other quarters also that he did not specify. So no specific
      plan as of now though he said that "there may be some good news by
      the end of the week" as we departed.</p>
    <p>Also, it doesn't sound like any serious preparations are being
      made for reopening - not even repairing the school buildings.
      About the "learning transition", the only measure they seem to
      have in mind right now is to tell teachers to spend half of their
      time on "remedial learning".</p>
    <p>Their main concern right now seems to be the forthcoming
      "National Achievement Survey". That's based on grade-specific
      learning, so that's what they are focusing on right now. They
      don't want Jharkhand to end up at the bottom...</p>
    <p>I think the bottom line is that everyone is "playing safe" and
      no-one wants to take the risk of being blamed in the event where
      some children die (or infection spreads) after schools reopen.</p>
    <p>That's the long a short. We might seek an appointment with the
      Chief Minister. (Meanwhile I sent Rishikesh's note to the
      secretary, in a follow-up mail.)<br>
    </p>
    <p>Jean<br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 23-08-2021 10:10, Guru wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
      cite="mid:b519d343-63bc-37af-bb03-9e50c9dabe47@ITforChange.net">
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
      Dear Jean,<br>
      <br>
      As Jyotsna says the letter is brief yet  communicates the most
      important points. Perhaps in the conversation you may be able to
      bring in the larger consequences of school closure (child labour,
      malnutrition, early marriages, likely high school drop out across
      next decade and iniquitous nature of all these) and possible
      support in terms of models/resources from the national coalition
      on the education emergency.<br>
      <br>
      All the best. Along with the letter you could also release the
      'press release' post your meeting. <br>
      <br>
      regards,<br>
      Guru<br>
      <br>
      <br>
      On 23/08/21 9:58 am, Jyotsna Jha wrote:<br>
      <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CADQV13OggPYnjhPgekF-LRdGHp65J+b8_kB0u_Lx2_xANM-sOA@mail.gmail.com">
        <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;
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        <div dir="ltr">Jean, 
          <div>The letter looks good - communicates the most important.
            Wish you all the best - let us hope it creates an impact. I
            think it will be good to release it elsewhere through media
            as well once you have had your meeting. </div>
          <div>Regards,</div>
          <div>Jyotsna</div>
        </div>
        <br>
        <div class="gmail_quote">
          <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Aug 23, 2021 at 8:08
            AM Jean Dreze <<a href="mailto:jaandaraz@riseup.net"
              moz-do-not-send="true">jaandaraz@riseup.net</a>> wrote:<br>
          </div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
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            <div>
              <p>That will be really useful. Here is the letter I have
                drafted for the Education Secretary (not for circulation
                please, we will release the final version to the media
                tomorrow). If need be, we will send a similar letter to
                the CM and request an appointment.</p>
              <p>Jean<br>
              </p>
              <div>On 22-08-2021 21:31, Mythili Ram wrote:<br>
              </div>
              <blockquote type="cite">
                <div dir="auto">We have received about a dozen cases of
                  what's being tried in different sites, largely in
                  South India for now. We will compile them by Thursday
                  and share.
                  <div dir="auto"><br>
                  </div>
                  <div dir="auto">Mythili</div>
                </div>
                <br>
                <div class="gmail_quote">
                  <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sun, Aug 22,
                    2021, 5:29 PM Jean Dreze <<a
                      href="mailto:jaandaraz@riseup.net" target="_blank"
                      moz-do-not-send="true">jaandaraz@riseup.net</a>>
                    wrote:<br>
                  </div>
                  <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px
                    0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
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                    <div>
                      <p>Thanks Guru. Would be good to hear more about
                        points 1 and 2 from Mythili, Ranjani and
                        Manisha. I will count myself lucky if we are
                        able to persuade the Secy that schools need to
                        reopen soon and that the Govt of Jharkhand may
                        benefit from these inputs for the purpose of
                        preparing a transition plan. Hopefully they are
                        on the job, but I will be surprised if they have
                        electrifying proposals.<br>
                      </p>
                      <p>Jean<br>
                      </p>
                      <div>On 22-08-2021 13:14, Guru wrote:<br>
                      </div>
                      <blockquote type="cite"> Dear Jean,<br>
                        <br>
                        I have compiled inputs from Rishikesh, Jyotnsa
                        and Sajitha in mail thread  + Note on the
                        Education Emergency in <a
href="https://educationemergency.net/2021/08/resume-and-renew-education-for-26-crore-children-hi/"
                          rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                          moz-do-not-send="true">Hindi</a> + Press
                        release advocating immediate opening of
                        pre-primary and primary schools from the
                        National Coalition, in the attached PDF, to make
                        it easier to print/share. <br>
                        <br>
                        It may be useful to present the note as from the
                        'National Coalition on the Education Emergency'
                        whose members are working to provide education
                        support to schools, communities as well as
                        larger mobilization of parents, teachers,
                        stakeholders. <b>So that it is seen as a
                          potential continuous support/engagement than a
                          one-off interaction. </b>The note in the
                        beginning summarises this potential support
                        (also provided below)<br>
                        <ol>
                          <li>
                            <p
                              style="margin-bottom:0.2cm;line-height:107%">
                              The Working Group on ‘<span
                                style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">Education
                                Support to Schools and Communities</span>’
                              is in the process of documenting models of
                              meaningful learning (of different
                              groups/organizations) and compiling these.
                              Based on this, the group is preparing
                              ‘Guidelines for school opening’. <font
                                color="#000000"><span
                                  style="font-weight:normal"><span
                                    style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">We
                                    will provide the documents from this
                                    process to the Jharkhand education
                                    department. Contact Mythili
                                    Ramchand, Ranjani Ranganathan)</span></span></font></p>
                          </li>
                          <li>
                            <p
                              style="margin-bottom:0.2cm;line-height:107%">
                              The Working Group on ‘<span
                                style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">Education
                                Support to Schools and Communities</span>’
                              is in the process of organizing a meeting
                              of <font color="#000000">parents groups,
                                teacher groups, NGOs, CBOs working in <b>Jharkhand</b>.
                              </font><font color="#000000"><span
                                  style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">The
                                  Education department should have a
                                  representative attend this virtual
                                  meeting to get a direct hearing of
                                  views of different stakeholders </span></font><font
                                color="#000000"><span
                                  style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">from
                                  Jharkhan</span></font><font
                                color="#000000"><span
                                  style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">d</span></font><font
                                color="#000000"><span
                                  style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">.
                                  (Contact person - Manisha Priyam</span></font><font
                                color="#000000">)</font></p>
                          </li>
                          <li>
                            <p
                              style="margin-bottom:0.2cm;line-height:107%">
                              <font color="#000000">The </font><font
                                color="#000000">Working Group on ‘</font>Research’
                              is compiling research studies conducted
                              relating to Covid and education, and will
                              release the highlights soon. <span
                                style="font-weight:normal"><span
                                  style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">The
                                  suggestions made in this note, do </span></span><span
                                style="font-weight:normal"><span
                                  style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">align</span></span><span
                                style="font-weight:normal"><span
                                  style="background:rgb(255,242,0)">
                                  with the findings of almost all the
                                  research studies.</span></span></p>
                          </li>
                          <li>
                            <p
                              style="margin-bottom:0.2cm;line-height:107%">The
                              press release in the note argues for the
                              immediate opening of pre-primary and
                              primary schools,  (contrary to the
                              political preference to open class X-XII)
                              as the maximum harm from school closure 
                              affects this group. The note in <a
href="https://educationemergency.net/2021/08/resume-and-renew-education-for-26-crore-children-hi/"
                                rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                                moz-do-not-send="true">Hindi</a>
                              discusses the need to 'resume' and 'renew'
                              school education.<br>
                            </p>
                          </li>
                        </ol>
                        I am copying Manisha, Mythili,  Ranjani and
                        Venita for their inputs/suggestions. <br>
                        <br>
                        regards,<br>
                        Guru<br>
                        Gurumurthy Kasinathan,<a
href="https://educationemergency.net/2021/08/resume-and-renew-education-for-26-crore-children-hi/"
                          rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                          moz-do-not-send="true"> शिक्षा आपातकाल पर
                          राष्ट्रीय सहभागिता</a><br>
                        <div><br>
                          On 22/08/21 10:26 am, Rishikesh wrote:<br>
                        </div>
                        <blockquote type="cite">
                          <div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal">Sajitha & Jyotsna
                              have already provided very useful inputs.
                              So, I’m not sure how useful this
                              attachment is Jean. It contains examples
                              on how the current and next year can be
                              designed and the kind of curricular
                              changes (broad and the next level
                              illustratively for Math).</p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal">I’m attaching the word
                              version so that you can use any section of
                              the note to incorporate into your
                              submission to the Secy, GoJ. Please feel
                              free to use the note I’ve shared in
                              whatever way you feel fit as it does not
                              require any referencing.</p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal">Warm regards,</p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal">rishi</p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                            <div
style="border-right:none;border-bottom:none;border-left:none;border-top:1pt
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                              <p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> Research
                                <a
                                  href="mailto:research-bounces@educationemergency.net"
                                  rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"><research-bounces@educationemergency.net></a>
                                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Jyotsna Jha<br>
                                <b>Sent:</b> Sunday, August 22, 2021
                                10:06 AM<br>
                                <b>To:</b> Sajitha Bashir <a
                                  href="mailto:sajitha.bashir@gmail.com"
                                  rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"><sajitha.bashir@gmail.com></a><br>
                                <b>Cc:</b> <a
                                  href="mailto:research@educationemergency.net"
                                  rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                                  moz-do-not-send="true">research@educationemergency.net</a>;
                                Niranjanaradhya.V.P Aradhya <a
                                  href="mailto:aradhyaniranjan@hotmail.com"
                                  rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"><aradhyaniranjan@hotmail.com></a><br>
                                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Research] posters</p>
                            </div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                            <div>
                              <p class="MsoNormal">Hi Jean, </p>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">I can see that we
                                  all have different and at times also
                                  contrary suggestions. </p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">Yet, can help
                                  suggesting a few - I am sure you would
                                  discern and decide: I think you should
                                  ask for some quick decisions that are
                                  also easier to implement followed by
                                  some modified approaches for being
                                  more supportive to children. I have
                                  five suggestions:</p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">1. I am a votary
                                  for a Zero Year or a Bonus Year for
                                  all primary kids, especially in states
                                  like Jharkhand and Bihar. In the
                                  lifetime, one year is nothing but if
                                  pushed to higher grades without
                                  knowing nothing, it would lead to much
                                  higher dropouts. </p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">2. A
                                  curriculum-approach replanning with
                                  support of local (there are some in
                                  Ranchi who understand these well) and
                                  some external people, focusing on key
                                  and supportive concepts - I know that
                                  MP is making some such initiative.
                                  Different from bridging in the sense
                                  that it also takes note of already
                                  prevailing learning gaps and also
                                  structural aspects. </p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">3. Training
                                  teachers on this new approach and also
                                  extensively on equity and learning
                                  issues making them able to have a
                                  differential approach and not treating
                                  all children the same. It may also
                                  mean individual testing (as Sajitha is
                                  suggesting) to know about each one of
                                  them - but much better to
                                  equip teachers to do that rather than
                                  organising large scale ones. It must
                                  include orienting them on
                                  socio-emotional support and the
                                  importance of maintaining links with
                                  children/parents during such breaks.</p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">4. Preparing
                                  teachers/schools/system for future
                                  sudden such occurrences (third wave?).
                                  For instance, many schools don't have
                                  all children's addresses with
                                  landmarks, phone numbers (family or
                                  neighbour), closest literate person's
                                  phone number/address. We found that to
                                  be a major constraint that teachers
                                  faced when it came to getting in touch
                                  with students and families. Record
                                  collection may have happened but the
                                  school does not have these in many
                                  cases. </p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">5. Textbooks (plus
                                  additional learning materials) and
                                  Meals to be non-negotiable - the
                                  system must assess the current
                                  practices and assure the availability
                                  of these two. </p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">Regards,</p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">Jyotsna</p>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                            <div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">On Sun, Aug 22,
                                  2021 at 9:20 AM Sajitha Bashir <<a
href="mailto:sajitha.bashir@gmail.com" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                                    moz-do-not-send="true">sajitha.bashir@gmail.com</a>>
                                  wrote:</p>
                              </div>
                              <blockquote
style="border-top:none;border-right:none;border-bottom:none;border-left:1pt
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                                  <p class="MsoNormal">Studies from the
                                    US show that it takes several years
                                    for students who are below grade
                                    level to "catch up" to grade level ;
                                    one study I saw indicates that only
                                    4 % catch up in two years !  (This
                                    is pre-pandemic).  In general,
                                    younger children, and students who
                                    are not independent learners take
                                    longer.   So this cannot be a
                                    one-time effort, it could take a few
                                    years.  In other words, think of
                                    what you have to do consistently for
                                    several years (which may , if done
                                    well, actually introduce some much
                                    needed changes in the education
                                    system).  That is the first point
                                    that I would make.  </p>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">The education
                                      support group of the coalition is
                                      preparing draft guidelines/
                                      principles . At this stage, a few
                                      other points that could be put
                                      forward</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- children need
                                      to be assessed individually (not
                                      just on academic subjects); sample
                                      based assessments and tests give
                                      us an idea of the scale of the
                                      problem, but do not indicate what
                                      needs to be done in each school.
                                      These have to be administered by
                                      teachers, but there must be some
                                      quality checks and protocols, and
                                      consistent analysis of data, to
                                      help develop school plans.   [
                                      Also, children would also have
                                      learnt new skills and resilience
                                      during this time, and it is
                                      important to build on this]</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- extend the
                                      time for learning (eg weekends,
                                      holidays etc).  This obviously has
                                      to be negotiated with teachers or
                                      other organizations have to be
                                      brought in.</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- mixed age
                                      groups / classes in smaller groups
                                      - eg you can teach literacy skills
                                      to some students in classes 1-3
                                      together, if some grade 2-3
                                      students have lost literacy
                                      skills.  This becomes more
                                      difficult at higher levels, but
                                      solutions can be found.</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- focus on core
                                      subjects initially - language,
                                      mathematics; and socio-emotional</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- tailored
                                      training for teachers to
                                      understand and take up new
                                      methods, and regular support
                                      provided to them</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- additional
                                      instructional materials for the
                                      above  (ie the textbooks usually
                                      cannot be used; but additional
                                      instructional materials are not
                                      difficult to develop and need not
                                      take time)</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- a clear
                                      instructional plan developed by
                                      each school ( schools will need
                                      support for this)</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- detailed
                                      district or block level planning
                                      and monitoring to support each
                                      school; </p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- meaningful
                                      and sensitive communication with
                                      parents on a regular basis.</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">- more public
                                      funding to support all of above;
                                      one can't tackle the crisis
                                      meaningfully with the existing
                                      level of resources</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                <div>
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">On Sat, Aug 21,
                                      2021 at 9:56 PM Jean Dreze <<a
href="mailto:jaandaraz@riseup.net" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                                        moz-do-not-send="true">jaandaraz@riseup.net</a>>
                                      wrote:</p>
                                  </div>
                                  <blockquote
style="border-top:none;border-right:none;border-bottom:none;border-left:1pt
                                    solid rgb(204,204,204);padding:0in
                                    0in 0in
                                    6pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in">
                                    <div>
                                      <p>We are meeting the Education
                                        Secretary in Jharkhand tomorrow.
                                        If you have any suggestions, or
                                        any ready-made material that
                                        might be useful to him, please
                                        let me know.</p>
                                      <p>Jean</p>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal">On
                                          22-08-2021 07:12, Rishikesh
                                          wrote:</p>
                                      </div>
                                      <blockquote
                                        style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt">
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal">That is
                                            right. The gap that has
                                            occurred over the 16+ months
                                            is so huge and as Jean says
                                            it is over the gap that
                                            already existed! If we are
                                            to do anything meaningful,
                                            we will need a lot of time
                                            with the children to even
                                            get them to where they were
                                            before the lockdown.</p>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal">I guess
                                            all will agree with it too.
                                            But the challenge is in
                                            coming up with the
                                            appropriate approach with a
                                            suitable curriculum,
                                            material, pedagogy, capacity
                                            building to use them &
                                            so on… we will have to start
                                            working with State Govt’s to
                                            actionize this. </p>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          <div>
                                            <div
style="border-right:none;border-bottom:none;border-left:none;border-top:1pt
                                              solid
                                              rgb(225,225,225);padding:3pt
                                              0in 0in">
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b>
                                                Jean Dreze <a
                                                  href="mailto:jaandaraz@riseup.net"
                                                  rel="noreferrer"
                                                  target="_blank"
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true"><jaandaraz@riseup.net></a>
                                                <br>
                                                <b>Sent:</b> Saturday,
                                                August 21, 2021 8:09 PM<br>
                                                <b>To:</b>
                                                Niranjanaradhya.V.P
                                                Aradhya <a
                                                  href="mailto:aradhyaniranjan@hotmail.com"
                                                  rel="noreferrer"
                                                  target="_blank"
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true"><aradhyaniranjan@hotmail.com></a>;
                                                Guru <a
                                                  href="mailto:Guru@ITforChange.net"
                                                  rel="noreferrer"
                                                  target="_blank"
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true"><Guru@ITforChange.net></a><br>
                                                <b>Cc:</b> Sajitha
                                                Bashir <a
                                                  href="mailto:sajitha.bashir@gmail.com"
                                                  rel="noreferrer"
                                                  target="_blank"
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true"><sajitha.bashir@gmail.com></a>;
                                                <a
                                                  href="mailto:mehendalearchana@gmail.com"
                                                  rel="noreferrer"
                                                  target="_blank"
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true">mehendalearchana@gmail.com</a>;
                                                <a
                                                  href="mailto:research@educationemergency.net"
                                                  rel="noreferrer"
                                                  target="_blank"
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true">research@educationemergency.net</a>;
                                                Rishikesh <a
                                                  href="mailto:rishikesh@apu.edu.in"
                                                  rel="noreferrer"
                                                  target="_blank"
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true"><rishikesh@apu.edu.in></a><br>
                                                <b>Subject:</b> Re:
                                                [Research] posters</p>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          <p>It seems to me that the
                                            "bridge", however designed,
                                            will have to extend to March
                                            2023, not 2022. Because the
                                            "gap", for children who've
                                            been left out all this time,
                                            is not just one-and-a-half
                                            years (since lockdown
                                            began); it's one-and-a-half
                                            years + what they forgot of
                                            what they had learnt +
                                            whatever gap was already
                                            there before the lockdown
                                            began. I don't see a 3-month
                                            bridge course filling that
                                            gap.</p>
                                          <p> </p>
                                          <p>Jean</p>
                                          <p> </p>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal">On
                                              21-08-2021 19:51,
                                              Niranjanaradhya.V.P
                                              Aradhya wrote:</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <blockquote
                                            style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt">
                                            <div>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black">Hi Jean and friends </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black">You have raised an important issue.
                                                  Since March 24<sup>th</sup>
                                                  to till date nothing
                                                  much happened to
                                                  children who are in
                                                  lower classes.
                                                  Therefore, I propose
                                                  the following.  </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black">The children who joined class 1 in
                                                  2020-21 can be
                                                  combined with the
                                                  children who are
                                                  joining class 1 in
                                                  2021-22 since there
                                                  levels of learning are
                                                  one and the same.
                                                  These children will
                                                  undergo accelerated
                                                  learning programme to
                                                  learn basic things
                                                  appropriate to their
                                                  age and grade in a
                                                  combined manner to
                                                  benefit both the age
                                                  groups and grades in
                                                  2021-22 for 200
                                                  hundred learning days
                                                  as indicated by RTE
                                                  Act. During this
                                                  period, teachers with
                                                  special curriculum and
                                                  methods help these
                                                  children master the
                                                  competencies otherwise
                                                  they would have
                                                  mastered in class 1
                                                  and two respectively.
                                                  At the end of 2022
                                                  academic year , a
                                                  special programme for
                                                  children who got
                                                  admitted to class 1 in
                                                  2020-21 ( though they
                                                  have not attended
                                                  school)  can be
                                                  designed with special
                                                  curriculum to prepare
                                                  them for class 3, so
                                                  that we can avoid loss
                                                  of one year for no
                                                  fault of them.   </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black">In the meal for all other grades from
                                                  2 to 10, the first 3
                                                  months should be
                                                  devoted to
                                                  well-structured bridge
                                                  course with a
                                                  specially designed
                                                  curriculum to get
                                                  familiar with age
                                                  wise- grade wise
                                                  competencies before we
                                                  start curriculum
                                                  transaction  </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black">Otherwise, the loss is for
                                                  marginalized children
                                                  who are first- or
                                                  second-generation
                                                  learners. Therefore,
                                                  while talking on
                                                  behalf them and
                                                  demanding any solution
                                                  needs a fair
                                                  understanding and all
                                                  benefit should be
                                                  given to children. The
                                                  decision also should
                                                  be in the best
                                                  interest of the
                                                  children.  </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black">Niranjan  </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                            </div>
                                            <div>
                                              <div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="MsoNormal"
                                                style="text-align:center"
                                                align="center">
                                                <hr width="98%" size="2"
                                                  align="center"></div>
                                              <div
id="gmail-m_2163359990533632615m_-6387122025185319414gmail-m_-1970655996329404840gmail-m_265165389183865879divRplyFwdMsg">
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="color:black">From:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Jean
                                                    Dreze <a
                                                      href="mailto:jaandaraz@riseup.net"
                                                      rel="noreferrer"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><jaandaraz@riseup.net></a><br>
                                                    <b>Sent:</b> 21
                                                    August 2021 1:20 AM<br>
                                                    <b>To:</b> Guru <a
href="mailto:Guru@ITforChange.net" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><Guru@ITforChange.net></a><br>
                                                    <b>Cc:</b> niranjan
                                                    aradhya <a
                                                      href="mailto:aradhyaniranjan@hotmail.com"
                                                      rel="noreferrer"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><aradhyaniranjan@hotmail.com></a>;
                                                    Sajitha Bashir <a
                                                      href="mailto:sajitha.bashir@gmail.com"
                                                      rel="noreferrer"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><sajitha.bashir@gmail.com></a>;
                                                    <a
                                                      href="mailto:mehendalearchana@gmail.com"
                                                      rel="noreferrer"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true">mehendalearchana@gmail.com</a>
                                                    <a
                                                      href="mailto:mehendalearchana@gmail.com"
                                                      rel="noreferrer"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><mehendalearchana@gmail.com></a>;
                                                    <a
                                                      href="mailto:research@educationemergency.net"
                                                      rel="noreferrer"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true">research@educationemergency.net</a>
                                                    <a
                                                      href="mailto:research@educationemergency.net"
                                                      rel="noreferrer"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><research@educationemergency.net></a>;
                                                    Rishikesh <a
                                                      href="mailto:rishikesh@apu.edu.in"
                                                      rel="noreferrer"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><rishikesh@apu.edu.in></a><br>
                                                    <b>Subject:</b> Re:
                                                    [Research] posters</span>
                                                </p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div>
                                                <p>Dear Guru and
                                                  friends,</p>
                                                <p>I am still tied up
                                                  with the field survey,
                                                  but doing my best to
                                                  keep up in the between
                                                  with all the useful
                                                  material you are
                                                  circulating.</p>
                                                <p>The survey findings
                                                  are alarming (no
                                                  surprise here). In
                                                  Latehar district, in 5
                                                  SC/ST hamlets, we
                                                  found that 75% of
                                                  children were unable
                                                  to read a single word.
                                                  Meanwhile, the schools
                                                  are falling apart.</p>
                                                <p>I wonder what the
                                                  "line" is on automatic
                                                  promotion. Once again
                                                  it seems to suit
                                                  privileged children,
                                                  who are more or less
                                                  on track, but it is
                                                  the kiss of
                                                  educational death for
                                                  other children. How
                                                  can children who were
                                                  enrolled in Class 1
                                                  last year, and have
                                                  never been to school
                                                  or learnt the
                                                  alphabet, be in Class
                                                  2 now (Class 3 in a
                                                  few months), where
                                                  they are given English
                                                  textbooks (in
                                                  Jharkhand)? Is there
                                                  not a case for a
                                                  "bonus year" when all
                                                  children are helped to
                                                  recover instead of
                                                  sorting the winners
                                                  and losers yet again?
                                                  Just curious - I am
                                                  sure that you have
                                                  discussed this.</p>
                                                <p>I am not clear
                                                  whether <a
                                                    href="mailto:research@educationemergency.net"
                                                    rel="noreferrer"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">"research@educationemergency.net"</a>
                                                  is a kind of
                                                  collective address so
                                                  I am CC-ing a few at
                                                  random!</p>
                                                <p>Best,</p>
                                                <p>Jean</p>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal">On
                                                    10-08-2021 11:05,
                                                    Guru wrote:</p>
                                                </div>
                                                <blockquote
                                                  style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt">
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-bottom:12pt">Thanks
                                                    Jean<br>
                                                    <br>
                                                    We are in the
                                                    process of
                                                    translating posters
                                                    to as many languages
                                                    as possible as these
                                                    can help in sharp
                                                    and quick
                                                    communication. We
                                                    will share these
                                                    with you as well.<br>
                                                    <br>
                                                    regards<br>
                                                    Guru<br>
                                                    <br>
                                                    <br>
                                                    On 10/08/21 7:03 am,
                                                    Jean Dreze wrote:</p>
                                                  <blockquote
                                                    style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt">
                                                    <p>Dear Guru: Thanks
                                                      for this and other
                                                      mails. I am up to
                                                      my ears right now
                                                      with the field
                                                      survey (until 22
                                                      August), but I
                                                      will catch up as
                                                      soon as possible.
                                                      We will definitely
                                                      help with media
                                                      for one thing.</p>
                                                    <p>More asap,</p>
                                                    <p>Jean</p>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal">On
                                                        06-08-2021
                                                        15:41, Guru
                                                        wrote:</p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <blockquote
                                                      style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt">
                                                      <pre>Dear Jean</pre>
                                                      <pre> </pre>
                                                      <pre>I am attaching the posters that  my colleague made in our Karnataka</pre>
                                                      <pre>'Open Schools' campaign</pre>
                                                      <pre> </pre>
                                                      <pre>The campaign included a street protest, media articles, few press</pre>
                                                      <pre>releases which were reported in local papers. It may have helped a bit -</pre>
                                                      <pre>the Karnataka Govt kept high schools open Jan-March 2021.</pre>
                                                      <pre>Through the State SMC Federation, Niranjan and others also organized</pre>
                                                      <pre>district level protest meetings on school opening. A PIL was also put up</pre>
                                                      <pre>in Karnataka High Court  on both opening schools and providing mid day</pre>
                                                      <pre>meals. The CJ was sympathetic but  did not give a firm directive to open</pre>
                                                      <pre>schools. (there is a general middle class fear psychosis)</pre>
                                                      <pre> </pre>
                                                      <pre>For this time, apart from posters, street protests, short videos</pre>
                                                      <pre>(children, parents, teachers) in multiple languages, social media</pre>
                                                      <pre>campaigns, apart from policy briefs, guidelines/toolkits for school</pre>
                                                      <pre>opening will be required. And the idea of the national coalition is to</pre>
                                                      <pre>share resources/ideas across groups working in different geographies.</pre>
                                                      <pre> </pre>
                                                      <pre>regards,</pre>
                                                      <pre>Guru</pre>
                                                      <pre> </pre>
                                                      <pre><a href="https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2021/mar/19/midday-meals-as-crucial-as-classes-survey-2278502.html" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2021/mar/19/midday-meals-as-crucial-as-classes-survey-2278502.html</a></pre>
                                                      <pre><a href="https://itforchange.net/press-release-open-all-schools-and-all-classes-local-hygiene-precautions" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">https://itforchange.net/press-release-open-all-schools-and-all-classes-local-hygiene-precautions</a></pre>
                                                      <pre><a href="https://itforchange.net/press-release-open-all-primary-schools-now-to-avoid-a-learning-crisis" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">https://itforchange.net/press-release-open-all-primary-schools-now-to-avoid-a-learning-crisis</a></pre>
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