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    Dear Jean and all,<br>
    <br>
    This issue - what does a class 'N' teacher teach when students come
    on school reopening is a very crucial, complex one, with a wrong
    decision having perhaps even a greater harm than the school closure
    (which is of course not advocating for continued  school closure, as
    that will  only aggravate this issue, and this crisis could have
    perhaps been avoided or mitigated by keeping Anganwadis and Primary
    schools open during most the pandemic period).<br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix"><br>
      I agree with Jean on his definition of the 'gap' and that the
      bridge has to be for a much much longer period.  I had a chat with
      Dhir a month ago and he said UP Govt has sort of accepted that
      next 2 years need to be treated differently to allow for this
      'bridging' - see attached mail from Dhir. If we can push this
      thinking in more govts, specially ones that may be receptive (TN?
      Kerala? Jharkhand?) it would be good. <br>
      <br>
      I am copying <b>Venita Kaul</b> on this thread - we were having a
      discussion this morning, on this  issue and she said she was
      planning to write an article on opening pre-primary and primary
      schools. This issue (what should a class 2 teacher do when
      students come into 'class 2, when these  children may have never
      been to school earlier?') is related and I would request her 
      (with her work in ECCE) to share some thoughts on this, including
      in this or another article. Also attaching responses from Sajitha
      and Jyotsna on same  thread, with their analyses.<br>
      <br>
      Also copying <b>Mythili and Ranjani</b> who are facilitating the
      working group on 'education support to schools and communities'
      for their  ideas/ideation. <br>
      <br>
      Finally, Niranjan, the language  of 'loss' and  'catching up' may
      do the maximum damage of pushing out students (from marginalized
      groups) whose learning cannot be 'bridged' in some arbitrary and
      short time. While this is most applicable to the 5-8 year children
      it is also relevant to the older children.  Basically we are on
      the cusp of large scale dropout and a wrong decision here will
      exponentially increase that  drop out. a situation not seen in our
      history of  education.<br>
      <br>
      regards,<br>
      Guru<br>
      <br>
      <br>
      On 21/08/21 8:09 pm, Jean Dreze wrote:<br>
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      <p>It seems to me that the "bridge", however designed, will have
        to extend to March 2023, not 2022. Because the "gap", for
        children who've been left out all this time, is not just
        one-and-a-half years (since lockdown began); it's one-and-a-half
        years + what they forgot of what they had learnt + whatever gap
        was already there before the lockdown began. I don't see a
        3-month bridge course filling that gap.</p>
      <p><br>
      </p>
      <p>Jean<br>
      </p>
      <p><br>
      </p>
      <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 21-08-2021 19:51,
        Niranjanaradhya.V.P Aradhya wrote:<br>
      </div>
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cite="mid:PSAPR02MB47599669968CCF99D10D9178B6C29@PSAPR02MB4759.apcprd02.prod.outlook.com">
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          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman"">Hi Jean and friends </span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman"">You have raised an important issue. Since
              March 24<sup>th</sup> to till date nothing much happened
              to children who are in lower classes. Therefore, I propose
              the following. <o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman"">The children who joined class 1 in
              2020-21 can be combined with the children who are joining
              class 1 in 2021-22 since there levels of learning are one
              and the same. These children will undergo accelerated
              learning programme to learn basic things appropriate to
              their age and grade in a combined manner to benefit both
              the age groups and grades in 2021-22 for 200 hundred
              learning days as indicated by RTE Act. During this period,
              teachers with special curriculum and methods help these
              children master the competencies otherwise they would have
              mastered in class 1 and two respectively. At the end of
              2022 academic year , a special programme for children who
              got admitted to class 1 in 2020-21 ( though they have not
              attended school)<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>can
              be designed with special curriculum to prepare them for
              class 3, so that we can avoid loss of one year for no
              fault of them.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman"">In the meal for all other grades from 2
              to 10, the first 3 months should be devoted to
              well-structured bridge course with a specially designed
              curriculum to get familiar with age wise- grade wise
              competencies before we start curriculum transaction <o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman"">Otherwise, the loss is for marginalized
              children who are first- or second-generation learners.
              Therefore, while talking on behalf them and demanding any
              solution needs a fair understanding and all benefit should
              be given to children. The decision also should be in the
              best interest of the children. <o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> <span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman"">Niranjan <o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0in 0in
            10pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,
            sans-serif;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span><span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
              Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times
              New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span> <br>
          </p>
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          <div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font style="font-size:11pt"
              face="Calibri, sans-serif" color="#000000"><b>From:</b>
              Jean Dreze <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                href="mailto:jaandaraz@riseup.net"
                moz-do-not-send="true"><jaandaraz@riseup.net></a><br>
              <b>Sent:</b> 21 August 2021 1:20 AM<br>
              <b>To:</b> Guru <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                href="mailto:Guru@ITforChange.net"
                moz-do-not-send="true"><Guru@ITforChange.net></a><br>
              <b>Cc:</b> niranjan aradhya <a
                class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                href="mailto:aradhyaniranjan@hotmail.com"
                moz-do-not-send="true"><aradhyaniranjan@hotmail.com></a>;
              Sajitha Bashir <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                href="mailto:sajitha.bashir@gmail.com"
                moz-do-not-send="true"><sajitha.bashir@gmail.com></a>;
              <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                href="mailto:mehendalearchana@gmail.com"
                moz-do-not-send="true">mehendalearchana@gmail.com</a> <a
                class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                href="mailto:mehendalearchana@gmail.com"
                moz-do-not-send="true"><mehendalearchana@gmail.com></a>;
              <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                href="mailto:research@educationemergency.net"
                moz-do-not-send="true">research@educationemergency.net</a>
              <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                href="mailto:research@educationemergency.net"
                moz-do-not-send="true"><research@educationemergency.net></a>;
              Rishikesh <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                href="mailto:rishikesh@apu.edu.in"
                moz-do-not-send="true"><rishikesh@apu.edu.in></a><br>
              <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Research] posters</font>
            <div> </div>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p>Dear Guru and friends,</p>
            <p>I am still tied up with the field survey, but doing my
              best to keep up in the between with all the useful
              material you are circulating.</p>
            <p>The survey findings are alarming (no surprise here). In
              Latehar district, in 5 SC/ST hamlets, we found that 75% of
              children were unable to read a single word. Meanwhile, the
              schools are falling apart.</p>
            <p>I wonder what the "line" is on automatic promotion. Once
              again it seems to suit privileged children, who are more
              or less on track, but it is the kiss of educational death
              for other children. How can children who were enrolled in
              Class 1 last year, and have never been to school or learnt
              the alphabet, be in Class 2 now (Class 3 in a few months),
              where they are given English textbooks (in Jharkhand)? Is
              there not a case for a "bonus year" when all children are
              helped to recover instead of sorting the winners and
              losers yet again? Just curious - I am sure that you have
              discussed this.<br>
            </p>
            <p>I am not clear whether <a
                class="x_moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                href="mailto:research@educationemergency.net"
                moz-do-not-send="true">
                "research@educationemergency.net"</a> is a kind of
              collective address so I am CC-ing a few at random!</p>
            <p>Best,</p>
            <p>Jean</p>
            <br>
            <div class="x_moz-cite-prefix">On 10-08-2021 11:05, Guru
              wrote:<br>
            </div>
            <blockquote type="cite">Thanks Jean<br>
              <br>
              We are in the process of translating posters to as many
              languages as possible as these can help in sharp and quick
              communication. We will share these with you as well.<br>
              <br>
              regards<br>
              Guru<br>
              <br>
              <br>
              On 10/08/21 7:03 am, Jean Dreze wrote:<br>
              <blockquote type="cite">
                <p>Dear Guru: Thanks for this and other mails. I am up
                  to my ears right now with the field survey (until 22
                  August), but I will catch up as soon as possible. We
                  will definitely help with media for one thing.</p>
                <p>More asap,</p>
                <p>Jean<br>
                </p>
                <div class="x_moz-cite-prefix">On 06-08-2021 15:41, Guru
                  wrote:<br>
                </div>
                <blockquote type="cite">
                  <pre class="x_moz-quote-pre">Dear Jean

I am attaching the posters that  my colleague made in our Karnataka
'Open Schools' campaign

The campaign included a street protest, media articles, few press
releases which were reported in local papers. It may have helped a bit -
the Karnataka Govt kept high schools open Jan-March 2021.
Through the State SMC Federation, Niranjan and others also organized
district level protest meetings on school opening. A PIL was also put up
in Karnataka High Court  on both opening schools and providing mid day
meals. The CJ was sympathetic but  did not give a firm directive to open
schools. (there is a general middle class fear psychosis)

For this time, apart from posters, street protests, short videos
(children, parents, teachers) in multiple languages, social media
campaigns, apart from policy briefs, guidelines/toolkits for school
opening will be required. And the idea of the national coalition is to
share resources/ideas across groups working in different geographies.

regards,
Guru

<a class="x_moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2021/mar/19/midday-meals-as-crucial-as-classes-survey-2278502.html" moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2021/mar/19/midday-meals-as-crucial-as-classes-survey-2278502.html</a>
<a class="x_moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://itforchange.net/press-release-open-all-schools-and-all-classes-local-hygiene-precautions" moz-do-not-send="true">https://itforchange.net/press-release-open-all-schools-and-all-classes-local-hygiene-precautions</a>
<a class="x_moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://itforchange.net/press-release-open-all-primary-schools-now-to-avoid-a-learning-crisis" moz-do-not-send="true">https://itforchange.net/press-release-open-all-primary-schools-now-to-avoid-a-learning-crisis</a>

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